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Suntsu石英晶体优化电路板性能

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浏览:- 发布日期:2023-09-08 16:43:49【
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Suntsu石英晶体优化电路板性能,Every board design and its characteristics are unique, and for your board to perform at its best, specifications, like crystal specifications, must be appropriately tuned. Most crystal manufacturers have standard parts known to perform well, but that doesn’t always mean those parts will provide optimal performance for your board.

每块电路板的设计及其特性都是独一无二的,为了让您的电路板发挥最佳性能,必须对规格(如晶振规格)进行适当调整。大多数晶振制造商都有性能良好的标准器件,但这并不总是意味着这些器件能为您的主板提供最佳性能。

At Suntsu, we offer our customers a service that not many other manufacturers like us do: crystal circuit analysis. We provide this free analysis because it helps determine the best parameters for your board design and is critical to achieving optimal performance. Keep reading below to understand the importance of our crystal circuit analysis.

在Suntsu,我们为客户提供一项服务,许多其他制造商不像我们这样做:晶体电路分析。我们提供这种免费分析,因为它有助于确定您的主板设计的最佳参数,对于实现最佳性能至关重要。

图37

Oscillators and the Pierce Circuit Design


振荡器和皮尔斯电路设计

While there are various types of oscillators, each with its unique characteristics and features, the most common is the crystal oscillator which uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. What makes crystal oscillators so popular is their ability to maintain frequency stability for long durations and that they are not as affected by temperature drift.

虽然有各种类型的振荡器,每一种都有其独特的特性和特征,但最常见的是晶体振荡器,它使用压电石英晶体作为频率选择元件。晶体振荡器之所以如此受欢迎,是因为它们能够长时间保持频率稳定,并且不受温度漂移的影响。

When it comes to the circuit inside these oscillators, the most widely used is the Pierce Oscillator Configuration. In the past, engineers have used other designs, such as the Colpitts oscillation circuit, but they have since been overtaken in popularity by the Pierce design. The Pierce Oscillator Configuration consists of a crystal, two capacitors, one or two resistors, and the IC. It is typically chosen due to its simple design, size, and cost for embedded solutions.

谈到这些振荡器内部的电路,最广泛使用的是皮尔斯振荡器配置。过去,工程师们曾使用过其他设计,如Colpitts振荡电路,但后来被Pierce设计取代。皮尔斯振荡器配置由一个晶体、两个电容、一个或两个电阻以及IC组成。由于其简单的设计、尺寸和嵌入式解决方案的成本,通常会选择它。


图38

Most designers are used to working with the Pierce circuit, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they fully understand how it works or how to design it for optimum performance. This circuit requires external load capacitors or internal built-in capacitors along with the crystal and resistor(s) to decide the characteristics of the circuit oscillation. Parameters like frequency output, oscillation gain, negative resistance, and drive level will all be affected if not tuned correctly making it even more important to properly match the crystal used in the circuit with the on-board Pierce oscillator.

大多数设计人员习惯于使用皮尔斯电路,但这并不意味着他们完全了解其工作原理,或者如何设计出最佳性能。该电路需要外部负载电容或内部内置电容以及晶体和电阻来决定电路振荡的特性。如果调谐不正确,频率输出、振荡增益、负电阻和驱动电平等参数都会受到影响,因此将电路中使用的晶体与片上Pierce振荡器正确匹配就变得更加重要。

Part Number 美国进口晶振 Package Size Load Cap. Freq. Tolerance Freq. Stability Operating Temp. Frequency
SXT11410CB48-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±30ppm -40°C - +85°C 32.000M
SXT11410CB48-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±30ppm -40°C - +85°C 38.400M
SXT11410CB48-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±30ppm -40°C - +85°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC07-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC07-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC07-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC07-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC07-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC07-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC07-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC07-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC07-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm 0°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC16-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC16-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC16-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC16-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC16-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC16-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC16-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC16-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC16-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +60°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC17-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC17-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC17-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC17-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC17-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC17-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC17-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC17-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC17-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -10°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC27-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC27-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC27-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC27-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC27-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC27-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC27-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC27-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC27-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -20°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC38-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC38-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC38-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC38-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC38-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC38-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC38-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC38-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC38-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -30°C - +85°C 40.000M
SXT11410CC48-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 24.000M
SXT11410CC48-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 25.000M
SXT11410CC48-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 26.000M
SXT11410CC48-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 27.000M
SXT11410CC48-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 27.120M
SXT11410CC48-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 30.000M
SXT11410CC48-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 32.000M
SXT11410CC48-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 38.400M
SXT11410CC48-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±25ppm ±25ppm -40°C - +85°C 40.000M
SXT11410DA07-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410DA07-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410DA07-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410DA07-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410DA07-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410DA07-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410DA07-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410DA07-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410DA07-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm 0°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410DA16-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 24.000M
SXT11410DA16-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 25.000M
SXT11410DA16-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 26.000M
SXT11410DA16-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 27.000M
SXT11410DA16-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 27.120M
SXT11410DA16-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 30.000M
SXT11410DA16-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 32.000M
SXT11410DA16-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 38.400M
SXT11410DA16-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +60°C 40.000M
SXT11410DA17-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410DA17-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410DA17-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410DA17-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410DA17-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410DA17-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410DA17-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410DA17-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410DA17-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -10°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410DA27-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 24.000M
SXT11410DA27-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 25.000M
SXT11410DA27-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 26.000M
SXT11410DA27-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 27.000M
SXT11410DA27-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 27.120M
SXT11410DA27-30.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 30.000M
SXT11410DA27-32.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 32.000M
SXT11410DA27-38.400M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 38.400M
SXT11410DA27-40.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -20°C - +70°C 40.000M
SXT11410DA38-24.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -30°C - +85°C 24.000M
SXT11410DA38-25.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -30°C - +85°C 25.000M
SXT11410DA38-26.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -30°C - +85°C 26.000M
SXT11410DA38-27.000M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -30°C - +85°C 27.000M
SXT11410DA38-27.120M Suntsu晶振 1.6X1.2 SMD (4 PAD) CRYSTAL 10pF ±20ppm ±50ppm -30°C - +85°C 27.120M
Importance of Tuning

调谐的重要性

For Engineers, it’s common to leave the crystal as is and follow the reference design or use off-the-shelf crystal recommendations from crystal manufacturers. Choosing either of these options is fine, and the circuit will generally perform, but it’s possible it may not operate at the optimal performance level. Think of it like a guitar. You can play the guitar whether it’s tuned or not, but the notes never sound their best until the guitar is properly tuned.

对于工程师来说,通常让晶体保持原样,并遵循参考设计或使用晶体制造商推荐的现成晶体。选择这两个选项中的任何一个都是好的,电路通常会执行,但它可能不会以最佳性能水平运行。把它想象成一把吉他。无论吉他是否调音,你都可以弹奏它,但是只有当吉他调音正确时,音符才会达到最佳状态。

If not tuned correctly, your board may experience issues such as crystal overdrive, a shift in output frequency, and low loop gain. Since the recommended off-the-shelf crystals are generic, they will work, but we cannot guarantee they provide the best performance for your specific board design. The same thing can happen with your capacitors. If not correctly matched, the center frequency can shift, affecting the loop gain of the oscillation circuit.

如果调谐不正确,您的主板可能会遇到晶振过驱、输出频率偏移和低环路增益等问题。由于推荐的成品晶体是通用的,它们将会工作,但我们不能保证它们为您的特定电路板设计提供最佳性能。同样的事情也会发生在你的电容器上。如果匹配不正确,中心频率会偏移,影响振荡电路的环路增益.Suntsu石英晶体优化电路板性能.

Suntsu’s Crystal Circuit Analysis

松图的晶体电路分析

To help customers tune their boards correctly and reach optimal performance, Suntsu offers something that not many other crystal manufacturers do: crystal circuit analysis. It’s possible to use trial and error to optimize the circuit, but doing this takes time and testing. The easiest way to achieve this is by sending your board to us!

为了帮助客户正确调整电路板并达到最佳性能,Suntsu提供了许多其他晶体制造商没有的东西:石英晶体电路分析。可以使用试错法来优化电路,但这样做需要时间和测试。最简单的方法就是将您的主板发送给我们!

Once we get your board, we run tests to determine the best specs for all parameters to optimize the board circuit using various testing tools like an oscilloscope, crystal measurement system, multimeter, and current probe.

收到您的电路板后,我们会使用各种测试工具(如示波器、晶体测量系统、万用表和电流探头)进行测试,以确定所有参数的最佳规格,从而优化电路板电路。

After performing our analysis, we provide you with a test report, including recommended crystals, capacitors, and a detailed tuning method that will provide you with the best parameters and performance for your board design. We also show you how to optimize the values of the capacitors in the design and adjust load capacitance on the crystal. By using these in harmony, you’ll achieve the correct frequency in your design.

完成分析后,我们会为您提供一份测试报告,包括推荐的晶体、电容和详细的调谐方法,为您的电路板设计提供最佳参数和性能。我们还将向您展示如何优化设计中的电容值,以及如何调整晶振上的负载电容。通过协调使用这些,您将在设计中获得正确的频率。